Reading Poem
A. The Definition of Poem
A poem is an arrangement of words containing meaning and
musicality. Most poems take the form of a series of lines separated into groups
called stanzas. A poem can be rhyming or non-rhyming, with a regular meter or a
free flow of poly-rhythms. There is debate over how a poem should be defined,
but there is little doubt about its ability to set a mood. (by
Will Conley, eHow
Contributor ,
Poem is also as a metrical
composition. It is a composition in
verse written in certain measures, whether in blank verse or in rhyme, and
characterized by imagination and poetic diction; -- contradistinguished from
prose; as, the poems of Homer or of Milton. A composition, not in verse, of which the language is highly
imaginative or impassioned; as, a prose poem; the poems of Ossian.
Carol Ann Dufy said that the poem is a form of texting
... it's the original text. It's a perfecting of a feeling in language. It's a
way of saying more with less, just as texting is. Poetry is the perfect form of
them. It's a kind of time capsule – it allows feelings and ideas to travel big
distances in a very condensed form.
Moreover, a poem is the arrangement of words that contain
meaning and musical elements. It is a piece of writing that expresses the
writer’s thought and feelings in order to set a mood; it can be happy or sad, simple
or complex. In just a few words, a poem can say a lot. It can inspire and awe
and can be a welcome escape into something that is totally wonderful.
Poem
is also a composition, a string of thoughts, arranged in a certain
pattern. To give it coherence, and to
slot it in a genre, form and type, it conveys more in less words, and symbolism,
similes, metaphors and other such components are used to beautify a poem which
conveys a deeper meaning than the visible. (by shintsie, http://qna.rediff.com/questions-and-answers/do-you-find-any-difference-between-poem-and-poetry/11682814/answers)
B. KINDS OF POEM
1. Couplets:
have two lines that rhyme.
Example: Here is a
poem that has four couplets from HALLOWEEN NIGHT by Charles Ghigna.
PUMPKINS ON GUARD
Look
at all the pumpkin faces
Lighting up so many places.
Lighting up so many places.
On
the porch and in the yard,
Pumpkin faces standing guard.
Pumpkin faces standing guard.
Looking
friendly, looking mean,
With a smile or with a scream.
With a smile or with a scream.
Orange
faces burning bright
In the cool October night
In the cool October night
2. Tercets:
have three lines.
Example: Here is a poem with two tercets from HALLOWEEN
NIGHT by Charles Ghigna.
WITCH WAY
With
warts on her nose
And sharp pointy toes,
She flies through the night on her broom.
And sharp pointy toes,
She flies through the night on her broom.
With covers pulled tight
In the shadows of night,
I hide in the dark of my room.
In the shadows of night,
I hide in the dark of my room.
3. Ballad stanzas:
a ballad stanza is a group of four-lines. That group is called a STANZA. The
ballad stanza has a rhyme at the end of line number two and line number four.
Example: A POEM IS A LITTLE PATH
A
poem is a little path
That leads you through the trees.
It takes you to the cliffs and shores,
To anywhere you please.
That leads you through the trees.
It takes you to the cliffs and shores,
To anywhere you please.
Follow it and trust your way
With mind and heart as one,
And when the journey's over,
You'll find you've just begun.
With mind and heart as one,
And when the journey's over,
You'll find you've just begun.
4. The – If – You – Were – Poem
Charles
Ghigna created the first If-You-Were Poems to introduce METAPHOR to children.
Instructions: COMPARE a friend to some THING (inanimate object), then COMPARE
yourself to some THING associated with the first object. Lines two and
four rhyme.
5. Riddle rhymes
Riddle rhymes are poems that have a riddle. The answer to
the riddle is at the end of the poem.
Example: Here are three Riddle Rhymes from RIDDLE RHYMES by
Charles Ghigna.
HIGH FLYER
I
fly above the tallest trees.
I'm not a bird or plane.
I have no wings or feathered things.
I do not like the rain.
I'm not a bird or plane.
I have no wings or feathered things.
I do not like the rain.
I
play among the passing clouds.
I like to rise and sail.
I am a friend who loves the wind.
I'm big and have a tail.
I like to rise and sail.
I am a friend who loves the wind.
I'm big and have a tail.
I
like the gusty month of March.
I soar way out of sight.
My shape is like a diamond.
I am a brand-new KITE.
I soar way out of sight.
My shape is like a diamond.
I am a brand-new KITE.
THE
EVERLASTING LIGHT
I
shine forever free.
I do not cost a cent.
I need no bulb or battery.
My light is permanent.
I do not cost a cent.
I need no bulb or battery.
My light is permanent.
You'll
find me way up in the sky,
When each new day's begun,
But do not look me in the eye--
I am the shining SUN.
When each new day's begun,
But do not look me in the eye--
I am the shining SUN.
YOUR HIGHNESS
I
am a free and open field
That's never out of bounds,
Where kites and planes and boomerangs
Can do their ups and downs.
That's never out of bounds,
Where kites and planes and boomerangs
Can do their ups and downs.
I
am the biggest yard of all,
Where birds begin their play
Of hide-n-seek among the clouds
At each new break of day.
Where birds begin their play
Of hide-n-seek among the clouds
At each new break of day.
I am the place called outer space,
Where nothing is too high.
I am the home of all the stars--
I am the endless SKY.
Where nothing is too high.
I am the home of all the stars--
I am the endless SKY.
6. Haiku
The Japanese haiku (pronounced "hi-koo") is
one of the oldest and shortest forms of poetry. The entire poem consists of only
seventeen syllables in three lines of five-seven-five syllables. Haiku poems
usually contain brief descriptions of nature and they do not rhyme.
Example: here are three haiku poem written by Charles Ghigna
JUNE
The
cricket calls to
the meadow, each evening he
hears his echo sing.
the meadow, each evening he
hears his echo sing.
SEPTEMBER
Shadows
bow to the
setting sun, pray to the sky
for blessings of light.
setting sun, pray to the sky
for blessings of light.
OCTOBER
Artist autumn comes,
paints her blush across each tree,
drops palette, and leaves.
paints her blush across each tree,
drops palette, and leaves.
7. Free verse
Free verse poems can have any number of lines. They usually
do not rhyme.
Example: two free verse poems by Charles Ghigna
THE JAZZ MAGICIAN
He
turned his
saxophone
into a hat of satin
saxophone
into a hat of satin
and
pulled
a silky rabbit
out of every note.
a silky rabbit
out of every note.
MILES DAVIS
On
stage
in a spotlight
of smoke
a cool, blue
in a spotlight
of smoke
a cool, blue
question
mark
of a man
blows ashes
into answers.
of a man
blows ashes
into answers.
(http://www.charlesghigna.com/classroom.html)
C. ELEMENTS
OF POEM
1.
Alliteration
Two or more words which have the same initial sound.
2.
Assonance
A partial rhyme which has the same internal vowel sounds amongst
different words.
3.
Metaphor
A comparison which does not use the words like or as.
4.
Onomatopoeia
Words that sound like their meaning. For example, buzz, moo,
pow.
5.
Repetitions
The repetition of the same word throughout the poem to
emphasize significance.
6.
Rhyme
The repetition of sounds within different words, either end
sound, middle or beginning.
7.
Rhythm
The flow of words within each meter and stanza.
8.
Simile
A comparison using the words like or as.
9.
Style
The way the poem is written. Free-style, ballad, haiku, etc.
Includes length of meters, number of stanzas along with rhyme techniques and
rhythm.
10. Symbol
Something that represents something else through
association, resemblance or convention
11. Theme
The message, point of view and idea of the poem.
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar